2016, Volume 13, Issue 1
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Ekaterina P. Loport Names of Boats Derived from Toponyms and Ethnonyms in the Russian Dialects of the Arkhangelsk Region
Voprosy onomastiki, 2016, Volume 13, Issue 1, pp. 178–190 (in Russian) Received 20 March 2016 Abstract: The article deals with the names of different kinds of boats attested in Arkhangelsk region, more precisely, it focuses on the names derived from toponyms and ethnonyms. The author shows that these naming patterns are widespread in different regions of Russia and constitute a set of stable semantic models which were particularly active in the past, when shipbuilding relied mainly on local traditions. In Arkhangelsk dialects the detoponymic model is attested in the names dvinsky karbas, kholmogorsky karbas, selyanka, soyanka and schelyanka, four of those names having derived from the names of local centers of shipbuilding and one (dvinsky karbas) — from a river name. The second model (derivation from ethnomyms) is represented, in Arkhangelsk dialects, by two names — zyryanka and komyachka — related to the ethnonyms Zyrian and Komi. Both derivatives are attested in the North-East of the region and testify to cultural and language contacts between Russians and the Komi people in that area. Based on lexicographic and ethnographic materials, the author analyses deonymic names of boats in general, describing the main features of boats relevant for dialect speakers (steadiness, speed, maneuverability, capacity to pass over shoals). Key words: Russian language, Arkhangelsk dialects, Arkhangelsk region, dialectal names of boats, place name derivatives, ethnonymic derivatives, appellativization of a proper name, onomasiological analysis, semasiological analysis, semantic model, naming pattern References Belousova, O. M. (1979). K tipologii otetnonimicheskikh naimenovanii v apelliativnoi leksike [Towards a Typology of Deethnonymic Appellative Nouns]. Voprosy onomastiki, 13, 111–115. Berezovich, E. L. (2006). O iavlenii leksicheskoi ksenomotivatsii [On the Lexical ‘Xenomotivation’ Phenomenon]. Voprosy jazykoznanija, 6, 3–20. Borisova, E. O., Krivoshchapova, Iu. A., Kuchko, V. S., & Sinitsa, N. A. (2013). Iz Materialov k slovariu russkikh ottoponimicheskikh derivatov [From Materials for A Dictionary of Russian Place Name Derivatives]. Voprosy onomastiki, 2, 174–199. Dubrovin, G. E. (2001). Istoriia severorusskogo sudostroeniia [A History of Shipbuilding in the Russian North]. Saint Petersburg: Aleteiia. Filin, F. P., Sorokoletov, F. P., & Myznikov, S. A. (Eds.). (1965–). Slovar’ russkikh narodnykh govorov [A Dictionary of Russian Popular Dialects]. (Vols. 1–). Moscow; Leningrad; Saint Petersburg: Nauka. Kabinina, N. V. (2011). Substratnaia toponimiia Arkhangel’skogo Pomor’ia [Substrate Toponymy of Arkhangelsk Pomorye]. Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural. un-ta. Krest’ianskie suda na Severe. Pamiatniki severorusskogo dereviannogo sudostroeniia v sobranii Muzeia «Malye Korely» [Peasants’ Ships in the North. Monuments of Northern Russian Wooden Shipbuilding in the Collection of the Museum “Malye Karely”] (2015). Arkhangelsk: [s. n.]. Kuznetsov, V. P. (1956). Rechnye dereviannye suda [Wooden River Ships]. Leningrad: Rechnoi transport. Levichkin, A. I., & Myznikov, S. A. (Eds.). (2006). Slovar’ oblastnogo vologodskogo narechiia. Po rukopisi P. A. Dilaktorskogo 1902 g. [A Dictionary of the Vologda Region Dialect. Based on P. A. Dilaktorsky’s Manuscript of 1902]. Saint Petersburg: Nauka. Maksimov, S. V. (2014). God na Severe [A Year in the North]. Moscow: Direkt-Media. Matveyev, A. K. (1984). Eshche ob etimologii etnonima zyrianin [Once Again on the Etymology of the Ethnonym Zyrianin]. In A. K. Matveyev (Ed.), Etimologicheskie issledovaniia [Etymological Investigations] (Vol. 3, pp. 79–90). Sverdlovsk: Izd-vo Ural. un-ta. Matveyev, A. K. (Ed.). (2001–). Slovar’ govorov Russkogo Severa [A Dictionary of Dialects of Northern Russia] (Vols. 1–). Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural. un-ta. Orekhova, T.I. (2000). Formirovanie tematicheskoi gruppy nazvanii vodnykh sredstv peredvizheniia v istorii russkogo iazyka XVIII–XX vv. [The Formation of the Set of Names of Water Vehicles in the History of the Russian Language, 18th–20th Centuries] (Doctoral dissertation). Barnaul: Altay State University. Popova, E. Iu. (1996). Otetnonimicheskie obrazovaniia v dialektnoi leksike russkogo Severa [Derivatives from Ethnonyms in the Dialects of the Russian North]. In M. E. Rut (Ed.), Onomastika i dialektnaia leksika [Onomastics and Dialectal Lexis] (Vol. 1, pp. 96–98). Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo Ural. un-ta. Turkin, A. I. (1995). Proiskhozhdenie nazvanii naroda komi [On the Origin of the Name of the Komi People]. Linguistica Uralica, 31(1), 17–28. Zherebtsov, I. L. (1998). Demograficheskie protsessy v Komi krae v kontse XV — nachale XX veka [Demographic Processes in Komi Region in the Late 15th— Early 20th Centuries] (Habilitation thesis). Syktyvkar: Institute of Language, Literature and History, Komi Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the RAS. |
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